The Basics of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry | David W. Ball, John W. Hill, and Rhonda J. Scott

- 1Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
- 2Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
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  - 2.1Two Types of Bonding
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  - 2.2Ions
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  - 2.3Formulas for Ionic Compounds
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  - 2.4Ionic Nomenclature
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  - 2.5Formula Mass
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  - 2.6End-of-Chapter Material
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- 3Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
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  - 3.1Covalent Bonds
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  - 3.2Covalent Compounds: Formulas and Names
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  - 3.3Multiple Covalent Bonds
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  - 3.4Characteristics of Covalent Bonds
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  - 3.5Characteristics of Molecules
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  - 3.6Introduction to Organic Chemistry
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  - 3.7End-of-Chapter Material
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- 4Introduction to Chemical Reactions
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  - 4.1The Law of Conservation of Matter
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  - 4.2Chemical Equations
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  - 4.3Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations
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  - 4.4Some Types of Chemical Reactions
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  - 4.5Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
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  - 4.6Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
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  - 4.7End-of-Chapter Material
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- 5Quantities in Chemical Reactions
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  - 5.1The Mole
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  - 5.2Atomic and Molar Masses
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  - 5.3Mole-Mass Conversions
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  - 5.4Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions
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  - 5.5Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems
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  - 5.6End-of-Chapter Material
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- 6Energy and Chemical Processes
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  - 6.1Energy and Its Units
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  - 6.2Heat
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  - 6.3Phase Changes
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  - 6.4Bond Energies and Chemical Reactions
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  - 6.5The Energy of Biochemical Reactions
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  - 6.6End-of-Chapter Material
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- 7Solids, Liquids, and Gases
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  - 7.1Intermolecular Interactions
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  - 7.2Solids and Liquids
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  - 7.3Gases and Pressure
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  - 7.4Gas Laws
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  - 7.5End-of-Chapter Material
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- 8Solutions
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  - 8.1Solutions
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  - 8.2Concentration
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  - 8.3The Dissolution Process
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  - 8.4Properties of Solutions
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  - 8.5End-of-Chapter Material
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- 9Acids and Bases
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  - 9.1Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases
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  - 9.2Brønsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
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  - 9.3Water: Both an Acid and a Base
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  - 9.4The Strengths of Acids and Bases
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  - 9.5Buffers
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  - 9.6End-of-Chapter Material
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- 10Nuclear Chemistry
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  - 10.1Radioactivity
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  - 10.2Half-Life
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  - 10.3Units of Radioactivity
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  - 10.4Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
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  - 10.5Nuclear Energy
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  - 10.6End-of-Chapter Material
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- 11Organic Chemistry Basics
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  - 11.1Organic Chemistry
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  - 11.2Straight-Chain Alkanes
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  - 11.3Branched-Chain Alkanes
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  - 11.4IUPAC Nomenclature
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  - 11.5Physical Properties of Alkanes
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  - 11.6Cycloalkanes
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  - 11.7Halogenated Hydrocarbons
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  - 11.8Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
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  - 11.9Reactions of Alkenes
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  - 11.10Cis-Trans Isomers
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  - 11.11End-of-Chapter Material
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- 12Carbohydrates
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  - 12.1Carbohydrates and Their Functional Groups
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  - 12.2Classes of Monosaccharides
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  - 12.3Important Hexoses
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  - 12.4Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
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  - 12.5Properties of Monosaccharides
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  - 12.6Disaccharides
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  - 12.7Polysaccharides
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  - 12.8End-of-Chapter Material
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- 13Lipids
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  - 13.1Fatty Acids
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  - 13.2Fats, Oils, and Waxes
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  - 13.3Membranes and Membrane Lipids
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  - 13.4Steroids
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  - 13.5End-of-Chapter Material
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- 14Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
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  - 14.1Amino Acids
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  - 14.2Reactions of Amino Acids
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  - 14.3Peptides
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  - 14.4Protein Structure
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  - 14.5Enzymes
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  - 14.6Enzyme Activity
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  - 14.7Enzyme Inhibition
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  - 14.8Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
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  - 14.9End-of-Chapter Material
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- 15Nucleic Acids
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  - 15.1Nucleotides
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  - 15.2Nucleic Acid Structure
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  - 15.3Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
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  - 15.4Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
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  - 15.5Mutations and Genetic Diseases
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  - 15.6Viruses
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  - 15.7End-of-Chapter Material
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- 16Energy Metabolism
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  - 16.1ATP—the Universal Energy Currency
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  - 16.2Stage I of Catabolism
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  - 16.3Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
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  - 16.4Stage III of Catabolism
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  - 16.5Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
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  - 16.6Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
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  - 16.7Stage II of Protein Catabolism
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  - 16.8End-of-Chapter Material
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- AAppendix A: Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement: A Review of The Basics
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  - A.1What is Chemistry?
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  - A.2The Classification of Matter
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  - A.3Measurements
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  - A.4Expressing Numbers: Scientific Notation
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  - A.5Expressing Numbers: Significant Figures
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  - A.6The International System of Units
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  - A.7Converting Units
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  - A.8End-of-Appendix Material
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- BAppendix B: Chapter Exercise Answers
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  - B.1Chapter 1 Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
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  - B.2Chapter 2 Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
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  - B.3Chapter 3 Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
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  - B.4Chapter 4 Introduction to Chemical Reactions
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  - B.5Chapter 5 Quantities in Chemical Reactions
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  - B.6Chapter 6 Energy and Chemical Processes
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  - B.7Chapter 7 Solids, Liquids and Gases
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  - B.8Chapter 8 Solutions
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  - B.9Chapter 9 Acids and Bases
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  - B.10Chapter 10 Nuclear Chemistry
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  - B.11Chapter 11 Organic Chemistry Basics
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  - B.12Chapter 12 Carbohydrates
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  - B.13Chapter 13 Lipids
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  - B.14Chapter 14 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
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  - B.15Chapter 15 Nucleic Acids
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  - B.16Chapter 16 Energy Metabolism
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  - B.17Appendix A Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement: A Review of the Basics
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- CAppendix C: Periodic Table of the Elements
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