About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Preface - Revise At End
Chapter 1: Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
1.1 The Elements
1.2 Atomic Theory
1.3 The Structure of Atoms
1.4 Nuclei of Atoms
1.5 Atomic Masses
1.6 Arrangements of Electrons
1.7 The Periodic Table
1.8 Nuclear Chemistry
1.9 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 2: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
2.1 Two Types of Bonding
2.2 Ions
2.3 Formulas for Ionic Compounds
2.4 Ionic Nomenclature
2.5 Formula Mass
2.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 3: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
3.1 Covalent Bonds
3.2 Covalent Compounds: Formulas and Names
3.3 Multiple Covalent Bonds
3.4 Characteristics of Covalent Bonds
3.5 Characteristics of Molecules
3.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 4: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
4.1 The Law of Conservation of Matter
4.2 Chemical Equations
4.3 Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations
4.4 Some Types of Chemical Reactions
4.5 Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
4.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 5: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
5.1 The Mole
5.2 Atomic and Molar Masses
5.3 Mole-Mass Conversions
5.4 Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions
5.5 Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems
5.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 6: Energy and Chemical Processes
6.1 Energy and Its Units
6.2 Heat
6.3 Phase Changes
6.4 Bond Energies and Chemical Reactions
6.5 The Energy of Biochemical Reactions
6.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 7: Solids, Liquids, and Gases
7.1 Intermolecular Interactions
7.2 Solids and Liquids
7.3 Gases and Pressure
7.4 Gas Laws
7.5 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 8: Solutions
8.1 Solutions
8.2 Concentration
8.3 The Dissolution Process
8.4 Properties of Solutions
8.5 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 9: Acids and Bases
9.1 Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases
9.2 Brønsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
9.3 Water: Both an Acid and a Base
9.4 The Strengths of Acids and Bases
9.5 Buffers
9.6 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 10: Organic Chemistry Basics
10.1 Organic Chemistry
10.2 Straight-Chain Alkanes
10.3 Branched-Chain Alkanes
10.4 IUPAC Nomenclature
10.5 Physical Properties of Alkanes
10.6 Cycloalkanes
10.7 Halogenated Hydrocarbons
10.8 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
10.9 Reactions of Alkenes
10.10 Cis-Trans Isomers
10.11 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 11: Carbohydrates
11.1 Carbohydrates and Their Functional Groups
11.2 Classes of Monosaccharides
11.3 Important Hexoses
11.4 Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
11.5 Properties of Monosaccharides
11.6 Disaccharides
11.7 Polysaccharides
11.8 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 12: Lipids
12.1 Fatty Acids
12.2 Fats, Oils, and Waxes
12.3 Membranes and Membrane Lipids
12.4 Steroids
12.5 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 13: Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
13.1 Amino Acids
13.2 Reactions of Amino Acids
13.3 Peptides
13.4 Protein Structure
13.5 Enzymes
13.6 Enzyme Activity
13.7 Enzyme Inhibition
13.8 Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
13.9 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 14: Nucleic Acids
14.1 Nucleotides
14.2 Nucleic Acid Structure
14.3 Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
14.4 Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
14.5 Mutations and Genetic Diseases
14.6 Viruses
14.7 End-of-Chapter Material
Chapter 15: Energy Metabolism
15.1 ATP—the Universal Energy Currency
15.2 Stage I of Catabolism
15.3 Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
15.4 Stage III of Catabolism
15.5 Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
15.6 Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
15.7 Stage II of Protein Catabolism
15.8 End-of-Chapter Material
Appendix A: Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement: A Review of The Basics
A.1 Introduction to Organic Chemistry
A.2 What is Chemistry?
A.3 The Classification of Matter
A.4 Measurements
A.5 Expressing Numbers: Scientific Notation
A.6 Expressing Numbers: Significant Figures
A.7 The International System of Units
A.8 Converting Units
A.9 Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
A.10 End-of-Appendix Material
Appendix B: Chapter Exercise Answers
B.1 Chapter 1 Elements, Atoms, and the Periodic Table
B.2 Chapter 2 Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
B.3 Chapter 3 Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
B.4 Chapter 4 Introduction to Chemical Reactions
B.5 Chapter 5 Quantities in Chemical Reactions
B.6 Chapter 6 Energy and Chemical Processes
B.7 Chapter 7 Solids, Liquids and Gases
B.8 Chapter 8 Solutions
B.9 Chapter 9 Acids and Bases
B.10 Chapter 10 Nuclear Chemistry
B.11 Chapter 11 Organic Chemistry Basics
B.12 Chapter 12 Carbohydrates
B.13 Chapter 13 Lipids
B.14 Chapter 14 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
B.15 Chapter 15 Nucleic Acids
B.16 Chapter 16 Energy Metabolism
B.17 Appendix A Chemistry, Matter, and Measurement: A Review of the Basics
Appendix C: Periodic Table of the Elements